X-gal 20 mg/mL recipe

Base: 10 mL · Updated 2026-10-01

The substrate that turns insert-less colonies blue in blue/white screening; 40 µg/mL in plates.

🧮 Volume calculator
ComponentAmount Final concentration (1X)
X-gal (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactoside)200 mg20 mg/mL
DMF (dimethylformamide) or DMSOto final volume

Steps

  1. Dissolve in DMF (use glass or polypropylene tubes).
  2. Do not filter (DMF dissolves some filter membranes).
  3. Wrap in foil and store at −20 °C.

Good to know

⚠ Safety DMF is toxic and absorbed through skin — use a fume hood and gloves.

FAQ

My colonies are pale blue.

Small in-frame inserts can leave partial lacZα activity; a few hours at 4 °C enhances the colour difference.

This is a widely used standard composition. Amounts depend on the hydrate form and purity of your reagents — check the formula weight (FW) on the bottle and follow your institution's safety rules and the manufacturers' instructions.